St Matthew 22: 15-21At that time : The Pharisees went and took counsel how they might entangle Jesus in his talk. And they sent to him their disciples with the Herodians, saying: Master, we know that thou art a true speaker, and teachest the way of God in truth, neither carest thou for any man: for thou dost not regard the person of men. Tell us therefore what dost thou think, is it lawful to give tribute to Caesar, or not? But Jesus knowing their wickedness, said: Why do you tempt me, ye hypocrites? Shew me the coin of the tribute. And they offered him a penny. And Jesus saith to them: Whose image and inscription is this? They say to him: Caesar's. Then he saith to them: Render therefore to Caesar the things that are Caesar's; and to God, the things that are God's.
Comments from the Homily by St. Hilary the Bishop (after Matins lessons)
The Pharisees had oftentimes been put to confusion, and were not able to find any ground to accuse him out of anything that he had hitherto said or done. His words and works are, of necessity, faultless; but still, from spite, they set themselves to seek in every direction for some cause to accuse him. He was calling all to turn away from the corruptions of the world, and the superstitious practices of devotion invented by men, and to fix their hopes upon the kingdom of heaven. They therefore arranged a question calculated to entrap him into an offence against civil government, namely : Is it lawful to give tribute unto Caesar or not? But Jesus perceived their wickedness: for in sooth there is nothing hidden in the heart of man, but what God seeth it; and so he said: Why tempt ye me, ye hypocrites? shew me the tribute-money. And they brought unto him a penny. And he saith unto them : Whose is this image and superscription? They say unto him, Caesar's. Then saith he unto them, Render therefore unto Caesar the things which are Caesar's, and unto God the things that are God's. How wonderful is this answer! How perfect the fulfilment of the Divine Law herein prescribed! So beautifully doth he here strike the balance between caring not for the things of the world, on the one hand, and the offence of injuring Caesar, on the other, that he proveth the perfect freedom of minds, however devoted to God, to discharge all human cases and duties, by commanding them to render unto Caesar the things which are Caesar's. If we have nothing which is Caesar's, then we have nothing which we are bound to render unto him. But if we are concerned with the things which are his, if we are entrusted by him with the use of delegated power, if we are subject to him as paid servants to take care of property which is not our own, there can be no dispute but that it is our duty to render unto Caesar the things which are Caesar's. But unto God all of us are bound always to render the things that are God's, that is to say, our body, soul, and will. These are things which we hold from him, and whereof he is the Author and Maker. This is therefore no more than mere justice―that they, who acknowledge that they owe to him their being and creation, should render to him all that they are.
Prayer to Christ the King
O Christ Jesus, I acknowledge Thee as universal King. All that has been made, has been created for Thee. Exercise over me all Thy rights. I renew my baptismal promises, I renounce Satan, his pomps and his works; and I promise to live a good Christian life. In particular I pledge myself to labour, to the best of my ability, for the triumph of the rights of God and of Thy Church. Amen.
The Pharisees had oftentimes been put to confusion, and were not able to find any ground to accuse him out of anything that he had hitherto said or done. His words and works are, of necessity, faultless; but still, from spite, they set themselves to seek in every direction for some cause to accuse him. He was calling all to turn away from the corruptions of the world, and the superstitious practices of devotion invented by men, and to fix their hopes upon the kingdom of heaven. They therefore arranged a question calculated to entrap him into an offence against civil government, namely : Is it lawful to give tribute unto Caesar or not? But Jesus perceived their wickedness: for in sooth there is nothing hidden in the heart of man, but what God seeth it; and so he said: Why tempt ye me, ye hypocrites? shew me the tribute-money. And they brought unto him a penny. And he saith unto them : Whose is this image and superscription? They say unto him, Caesar's. Then saith he unto them, Render therefore unto Caesar the things which are Caesar's, and unto God the things that are God's. How wonderful is this answer! How perfect the fulfilment of the Divine Law herein prescribed! So beautifully doth he here strike the balance between caring not for the things of the world, on the one hand, and the offence of injuring Caesar, on the other, that he proveth the perfect freedom of minds, however devoted to God, to discharge all human cases and duties, by commanding them to render unto Caesar the things which are Caesar's. If we have nothing which is Caesar's, then we have nothing which we are bound to render unto him. But if we are concerned with the things which are his, if we are entrusted by him with the use of delegated power, if we are subject to him as paid servants to take care of property which is not our own, there can be no dispute but that it is our duty to render unto Caesar the things which are Caesar's. But unto God all of us are bound always to render the things that are God's, that is to say, our body, soul, and will. These are things which we hold from him, and whereof he is the Author and Maker. This is therefore no more than mere justice―that they, who acknowledge that they owe to him their being and creation, should render to him all that they are.
Prayer to Christ the King
O Christ Jesus, I acknowledge Thee as universal King. All that has been made, has been created for Thee. Exercise over me all Thy rights. I renew my baptismal promises, I renounce Satan, his pomps and his works; and I promise to live a good Christian life. In particular I pledge myself to labour, to the best of my ability, for the triumph of the rights of God and of Thy Church. Amen.
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